In August, Egypt and Somalia signed a security agreement, resulting in multiple shipments of arms being sent to Mogadishu, Somalia's capital. The pact followed discussions between Egyptian President Abdel Fattah El-Sisi and Somali President Hassan Sheikh Mohamud, who was in Cairo for a two-day visit.

Tensions between Ethiopia and Somalia have heightened, especially after Ethiopia's preliminary agreement with Somaliland in January, aimed at gaining Red Sea access. The deal involved leasing land for a port in exchange for the possible recognition of Somaliland's independence, a move Somalia sees as a threat to its sovereignty. Additionally, Ethiopia's construction of a massive dam on the Nile has been a source of friction with Egypt, adding to the region's complex dynamics.

Eco-socialism is an ideology that merges socialism, green politics, and anti-globalization. They fundamentally believe in several things

1. Capitalistic economic system fundamentally is incompatible with the ecological sustainabillity.
2. Market-based solutions to combat climate change do not change the structural failures of capitalism.
3. Degrowth, a set of policy aiming to shrink the production and consumption within the economy, is necessary to minimize environmental damage

"Parliamentary debating circuit" includes the selection of the motion, the accepted set of arguments, and what statements are deemed as acceptable in the community inside and outside the debate chamber

Before the late 18th century, people in the west opted into marriage for pragmatic reasons such as economic stability, political alliances, family duty, and cultural expectations. As a result, they choose a partner who is able to accomplish those goals. Currently, the popular norm is, people primarily marry a person whom they love.